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Constitutional Law Keyed to Stone
Hague v. Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO)
Citation:
307 U.S. 496 (1939)Facts
The Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO) sought to organize labor unions in Jersey City and to inform workers about their rights under the National Labor Relations Act. Jersey City officials, under Mayor Frank Hague, systematically prevented the CIO from holding meetings or distributing information by enforcing ordinances requiring permits for public assemblies and prohibiting distribution of printed materials. The city denied all permit applications from the CIO, forcibly removed CIO representatives from the city, and arrested individuals distributing literature. The city justified these actions under ordinances that gave officials broad discretion to deny permits if they believed meetings might cause “riots, disturbances or disorderly assemblage.” The CIO and individual plaintiffs sued in federal court, claiming these actions violated their constitutional rights to free speech and assembly.
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