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Administrative Law Keyed to Cass
Armstrong v. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Citation:
12 F.3d 401 (1993)Facts
Martin Armstrong began working in the coin and stamp business at age 13 and became a millionaire by age 15. He transitioned from gold coin investments to commodity price analysis and began publishing commodity market predictions as a hobby in 1973. As his coin business declined, Armstrong focused on commodity services and in 1983 began accepting paid subscriptions for a commodity market forecast newsletter. His attorneys formed three corporations: Princeton Economic Consultants Inc., Economic Consultants of Princeton Inc., and Armstrong Report Inc., which provided consulting services, seminars, written reports, telephone and telex newsline messages, and account management services. In 1985 and 1987, the CFTC filed administrative complaints charging the corporations and Armstrong with various regulatory violations including failure to register, failure to deliver disclosure documents, failure to disclose commission-sharing agreements, and misrepresentation of performance results.
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